![](data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjQwMCIgd2lkdGg9IjExNzAiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4xIi8+)
The eye-tracking study found total fixation time from 25-52% on text, and participants said that their fixations were explained by their desire to understand the material. Jacqueline Marino, Susan Jacobsen and Robert Gutsche Jr. find that they do express a preference for visual elements to break up the text, though.